Category: Holy Spirit

Filioque: The Catholic Doctrine of the Holy Spirit’s Procession — Biblical, Patristic, and Conciliar | [LordJesusChristReigns.blog]

Filioque: The Catholic Doctrine of the Holy Spirit’s Procession — Biblical, Patristic, and Conciliar | [LordJesusChristReigns.blog]

Two Greek words the Latin Bible collapsed into one generated eight centuries of controversy. This article untangles it completely: the biblical case from Galatians 4:6, John 15:26, and Romans 8:9; Augustine's principaliter and communiter; Maximus the Confessor's defense of Rome; the Councils of Toledo, Lyons, and Florence; and the landmark 1995 Pontifical Council clarification showing East and West confessing the same truth in different words.

The Holy Spirit: Person or Active Force? Answering the JW Denial of the Spirit’s Personhood and Deity

The Holy Spirit: Person or Active Force? Answering the JW Denial of the Spirit’s Personhood and Deity

Jehovah's Witnesses teach that the Holy Spirit is just God's "active force." But Scripture says the Spirit speaks, grieves, wills, and can be lied to — equated directly with God in Acts 5:3–4.