Theotokos — God-bearer — is not a Marian superlative. It is a Christological entailment. This article traces the title from its biblical spine in Galatians 4:4 and Luke 1, through the Ark of the Covenant typology, Irenaeus’s New Eve theology, and the drama of Ephesus (AD 431), to Lumen Gentium’s definitive treatment. Every source verified.…

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